Microplastics, those tiny particles derived from the decomposition of larger plastics, have become an environmental and public health problem. Although their impact on the oceans has been widely documented, a new study reveals that exposure to microplastics in indoor environments could be much more worrying than previously thought.
How much plastic do we inhale every day?
A team of researchers from the University of Toulouse, France, has conducted a comprehensive analysis of microplastic concentrations indoors, specifically in homes and cars. Using advanced techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, the scientists found that the levels of airborne particles are alarming. On average, 528 particles per cubic meter were detected in homes and more than 2,200 particles per cubic meter inside cars.
Most disturbingly, 94% of these particles measure less than 10 micrometers, small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs. According to the study’s calculations, the average adult could inhale up to 71,000 microplastic particles per day, 68,000 of which are small enough to lodge in lung tissue.
Potential health impacts
Although the full long-term effects of microplastic inhalation are still unknown, previous research has linked these particles to health problems such as lung inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and even certain types of cancer. In addition, microplastics can act as vehicles for chemical contaminants, including heavy metals and endocrine disruptors, amplifying their toxicity.
The study also highlights that indoor environments, where we spend approximately 90% of our time, are the main sources of exposure. This includes homes, offices, stores, and vehicles, where the wear and tear of synthetic textiles, furniture, and other plastic products contributes to the release of these particles into the air.
Measures to reduce exposure
Given this worrying reality, it is essential to take measures to minimize exposure to microplastics indoors. Some recommendations include:
– Improve ventilation: Ensuring adequate air circulation can help reduce the concentration of suspended particles.
– Use air purifiers: Equipment with HEPA filters is effective at capturing micrometric-sized particles.
– Reduce the use of plastics: Opt for natural materials in textiles, furniture, and household items.
– Clean frequently: Vacuum and clean surfaces regularly to remove accumulated dust, which may contain microplastics.
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